Metrics & frameworks

TAM, SAM, SOM

Definition

TAM (Total Addressable Market) is everyone who could theoretically buy; SAM (Serviceable Addressable Market) is the slice you can actually reach with your product and model; SOM (Serviceable Obtainable Market) is the realistic share you can win in a defined window.

Why it matters in B2B GTM

TAM, SAM, SOM is the standard top-down framing investors expect to see, and the standard sanity check founders need before picking a wedge. Three nested numbers — global market, the part you can actually sell to today, and the part you can realistically capture in 3 years.

TAM-only thinking is dangerous. A $50B TAM means nothing if your SAM is $200M because of geography, language, or compliance constraints — and your SOM is $20M because you're competing with three well-funded incumbents.

Good market sizing is bottom-up: count the companies in your SAM, estimate the share you can win per segment per year, and roll up. Top-down "1% of a $10B market" is the answer that gets a deck rejected.

How ICPGTM uses it

ICPGTM playbooks include a sizing block for each ICP — companies in the segment, plausible penetration, and the assumptions behind both — so the pitch you tell investors and the pipeline you tell your team are grounded in the same numbers.

Related terms

Apply this to your own product

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